Wednesday, 19 June 2013

Interesting post on Podiatry Today

Today I am looking at an on-line article that has been pointed out to me by one of my followers, it is a fairly interesting article on Ledderhose that has been posted on a prominent US website, their main points of discussion are the conservative treatments against surgery and they do manage to discuss a lot of the different options including Xiapex, steroid, orthotics etc although sadly there is no mention of radiotherapy. If this is something you are interested in I really recommend reading the original article, it is very interesting

The full article can be found here: 


I am going to try and pick out some of the interesting points that I came across whilst reading this, although I don’t think there was anything new to me in this article it is always good to refresh your memory on interesting things: Note I am not putting much and you really should read the article, I don't want to copy it too much as the article itself is really very good.

(Points made by first person – pro conservative treatment)
  • There have been no reported studies on the effectiveness of topical transdermal verapamil or intralesional verapamil injections for plantar fibromatosis.
  • With steroid injections one of the authors finds that: the nodules consistently soften and shrink (although they seldom resolve entirely), and the symptomatology resolves.
  • The effectiveness of collagenase was approx. 65%.
  • Recurrence rate after local surgery ranged from 40-100%.
(Points made by second person – not pro conservative treatment)
  •  It is my opinion that early on when there is a small isolated nodule, conservative care can be effective but once there is a coalescence of these nodules or they become bigger than 1 cm in depth, conservative management is ineffective and frankly is rarely even palliative. When patients cannot walk because of the pain, the only option becomes surgical intervention for a consistent, predictable outcome.
  • I have had much more predictable results with surgical intervention than with conservative management. (My question would be --does predictable mean good?)
  • The vast majority of the nodules involve the central band of the plantar fascia and can be large enough to cause compression neuropathy to the medial plantar nerve. (Think this is what happened to me, he says that surgery is only way to stop permanent damage, well radiotherapy seems ok so far).
There is loads of information in the original article that I have not included here and much of it is referenced very well and they look at loads of great papers and articles that have appeared over the year and I really recommend going to the original website and having a look.

Friday, 7 June 2013

Amelia was born

Long time posting this but basically decided that the best thing to do was post a link to a post that my wife has done....

so here it is http://bakingmanley.blogspot.co.uk/2013/05/introducing-amelia-katie-manley.html


Tuesday, 21 May 2013

A year on from Radiotherapy

It was last May, May 21st to be exact that I had my first day of radiotherapy to treat Ledderhose with Dr Shaffer in Guildford. To see more about that see here Day 1.

The year since I started that treatment has been emotional, productive, joyful, annoying, brilliant and well it has been an up and down year. 

From the point of view of my foot it has been a massive success. I have gone from strength to strength and gone from using a stick to walking to running, I have gone from constant pain with sharp stabbing pains, to some pain to being almost pain free even after running.

That is right RUNNING. I am currently doing the Couch 2 5K plan and that means I am up to week 7 which means I am running for 25 minutes, a year ago I could barely walk but now I am now running for  25 minutes. My foot does not hurt afterwards and I am losing weight. I have to admit to getting a bit emotional after the first long run (20 minutes) as I had come so far.

I have also going from being able to play no badminton, about the only thing it turned out I was actually missing to passing the first qualification on my way to becoming a coach. 

I don't plan on being a coach full time as although I gave up the PhD due to the demands on my foot and I am still happy that I did that as standing can still hurt and being off of my foot has helped. Giving up the PhD led to me getting my new job which I am really enjoying, the people I work with have similar interests to me, the company is great and everything seems to be moving along nicely there. 

There are more important things in my life than my foot and although I am still trying to maintain this blog and be a useful trustee for the BDS other things do take over. 

As regular readers will know my wife was pregnant (a post to come on that soon!!!!) but she had an awful pregnancy (and labour wasn't great) which I am not going to cover here as I would like to give it the page space I feel it is due. But I happy that pregnancy is over, not just because I got my wife back and a daughter out of it so there is a chance that both my wife and I could be healthy at the same time for the first time since we got married over 15 months ago. Our marriage what with my foot and her pregnancy has been through a shocking amount in that time, we have both had to give up jobs due to illness, we have both had illnesses which the NHS are pathetic at treating and have therefore ended up very frustrated, we have been through the depression and pain associated with these conditions but we are coming out of it stronger and together. 

I know I would have struggled to get through the past 2 years without my wife (my family would have been great but it's not quite the same) and I know she says the same about me over the last 9 months.

More to come on the baby soon and hopefully some new Ledderhose news other than my recovery, I certainly have some interesting lines of enquiry to pursue. 

Monday, 13 May 2013

Genetics of Dupuytren's Disease

Today I am writing a post on the paper entitled 'The Genetics of Dupuytren's disease'. 

This paper is freely available from here (or at least at time of posting it was). A word of warming when I say that this paper is quite technical and I was actually asked specifically go through this (as I have a Molecular Genetics background) and give a summary, if you want more details then please feel free to ask and you can always try to read the paper. This paper is a review so there are many references it cites to get the information so I might not have it all and see the paper for those references for the original data. 

To be honest the only way for me to fully understand a lot of this would be to go through the papers and look at them all and if I can a) get the time b) Get the papers and c) I am interested in the papers (I am more interested in certain aspects of DD) then I might well do that. 

Key words (I am sure most people know a lot of these but thought better to have too many than too few, will try to underline them in the text so you know you can refer back): 

DD - Dupuytren's Disease

Chromosome - The organised structure of DNA that is found in cells.

TGF-B1 - A growth factor that has been linked to DD. Growth factors are proteins that normally 
circulate in the body and help regulate growth, normally increasing growth.

Mitochondria - A part of the cell, they are involved in making energy and are passed down from mother to child. Has its own DNA which is separate from the normal cell chromosomes.

MicroRNA - miRNA is tough to explain without some basic biochemistry / genetic background but basically DNA codes for RNA which codes proteins which then do things. However some DNA codes for small bits of RNA which do NOT get converted to protein and instead have other interactions in the cell that can influence levels of proteins etc so do have an impact on the cell processes. 

The introduction to the paper is the same as always with the usual talk about DD (if you are reading this then you probably know what I am talking about). I did learn that DD is considered to be one of the most common hereditary disorders of connective tissue. 

The paper then goes on to talk about Genetics factors: 

Some of the key points it makes are: 

  • around 40% of patients will have a relative with the condition 
  • genetic transmission is not understood and it is likely to not only be a complex mix of genetic factors but also environmental and lifestyle factors to boot. 
  • There are papers that suggest that chromosomal abnormalities and other cell replication defects are seen in DD derived cells. 
  • The above abnormalities included problems seen with the Y chromosome - although this is work in cells and cells in culture do behave VERY different to cells in humans they are often a good indicator and give the higher chances of DD in men the Y chromosome problems could make sense as it is in men only. 
Genetic Links: 

In part 5 they look at doing an analysis on a single family which have 17DD patients in 5 generation and therefore may be able to identify a genetic link by looking at what they have in common and what they have in common that is different  from control groups. 

It was said that the study in reference 21 has  found a susceptibility region of DNA (same DNA in the family that is not in the control), however this region (labelled DUPC1) has not been published. It suggests that the group involved are probably hiding their results whilst they do further investigation to make sure they get the scoop (yes this is how scientific research works even if sharing the results would help patients quicker). 

Pathways: 

Next they go on to look in different pathways. The first pathway they look at is TGF-B pathway which I have covered several times before. They don'y really add much to the following which I have discussed before: 

Here they have compared the DNA in the mitochondria from 20 DD patients and compared it to a control group, they found that 90% of DD patients had a specific mutation that was not present in the control group. Although this may be significant the problem is coming up  with a hypothesis whereby this mutation would lead to DD. To be honest I can't see how it can but cells can be funny like that and a change that you think would do something does nothing and sometimes a change you think would do nothing has dramatic changes. 

Things noticed from looking in tissue from patients: 

When looking in the genes and their regulation in these tissues there is normally a dysregulation somewhere in the collagen pathway. Whether this is that there is more collagen being produced or if it is there is less being broken down (or something wrong anywhere in those pathways) there is normally something amiss. Again I have covered this sort of things before: 


In this paper they also look at miRNA. In analysis from DD patients they have found there tends to be a similar profile or miRNA in patients which is different in control groups - these markers mainly link to a single pathway. 

More work is going on in all of these areas and it will hopefully lead to new and exciting discoveries that will help DD and LD patients as new drugs that can target the condition are discovered and perhaps genetic profiles are made to determine which treatment might work best.   

Monday, 8 April 2013

DD and LD patient, Xiapex (DD) and RT (LD) in depth interview

Today I am posting an interview that I have done with someone who has contacted me through this blog, they did this a while ago as they were thanking me for all my hard work and they have been in regular contact asking about my progress, the progress of the pregnancy and updating me on their progress. Julia comes across as a really nice person and I hope to meet her in person soon and here are the (in depth) answers that she gave to the questions I Put to her about her experience with DD and LD. Enjoy! 


1) Ledderhose is a part of a group of related conditions, which of these conditions do you 
suffer from?

I suffer from both Ledderhose Disease and Dupuytren's Disease.

2) How long have you been suffering with these conditions and how have they developed over the years?  

I have suffered from Dupuytren's since mid-2011 when I noticed the small finger on my left hand was beginning to turn inwards towards the palm. Rather than wait until the contracture caused problems with day-to-day living, I chose to have Xiapex treatment in December 2011. Unfortunately this seemed to kick-start aggressive Dupuytren's and Ledderhose Disease. Just twelve months later, in December 2012 I had dermofasciectomy and skin graft on the same finger and the ring finger of the left hand is now also showing signs of contracture.

I have suffered from Ledderhose Disease for just one year. I first noticed lumps appearing on both feet in March 2012 – a few months after the Xiapex treatment. They grew very quickly and it was soon difficult to walk without considerable pain and felt rather like walking barefoot on hot pebbles.

I am now 66. 

3) These conditions are often genetic, do you have a family history of these conditions? 

No, none whatsoever.

4) What treatments have you received? 

a) For Dupuytren's?

NHS treatment other than surgery for Dupuytren's Disease was difficult to obtain locally. I was advised to wait until the contracture was restrictive as “it will only come back”. I thought this was a very negative attitude and decided to carry out some personal research.I discovered Xiapex was being trialled in the south of England. I contacted the consultant involved, Mr. David Warwick, and as soon as Xiapex was cleared by NICE and available to private patients, I had my little finger injected. Initially the treatment was very successful and the finger was straightened but within 24 hours I developed a rather large blood blister, followed by swollen lymph glands. The blood blister held up the healing process, the fitting of a splint and the start of physiotherapy. Within weeks, I noticed that the ring finger on the same hand had also begun to contract. Prior to the Xiapex injection this finger was perfectly straight. Immediately after the injection it was very swollen but I was told this was not unusual. As the swelling subsided, the finger began to contract towards the palm and has continued to do so. It is now approximately 30ยบ from the PIP joint but oddly there are no visible cords or nodules associated with this contracture. Six months after the Xiapex treatment, the little finger had bent inwards again. Normally a further two Xiapex injections can be given but because of my reaction to the first injection the consultant who had carried out this procedure did not consider me to be a suitable candidate for further Xiapex injections.

My GP referred me to see two local NHS consultants who totally disagreed with each other about how to proceed. (Neither of them knew much about Xiapex.) Dr. Shaffer,  who at that time was carrying out radiotherapy treatment on my feet, recommended I visit a hand specialist in another part of the country, Mr. Chris Bainbridge. Mr. Bainbridge recommended further Xiapex injections despite having been told my previous history. He strongly disagreed with the surgery suggested by one of the NHS consultants I had seen locally but felt a full dermofasciectomy with skin graft would give good long term results.

In November 2012 I had a full dermofasciectomy with skin graft carried out by the same surgeon who had undertaken the Xiapex injection, Mr. David Warwick. This was performed privately because although I had been on a NHS waiting list throughout the summer, I still had not been given a definite date for surgery. The finger is not completely straight but is very much improved. Also, I continue to wear a splint at night to straighten the finger as it does tend to bend inwards during the day. Given my personal experience, I would not choose to have a Xiapex injection again but I do appreciate Xiapex has been very successful in other patients. I am concerned that not enough has been done to explore the possibility that a Xiapex injection in one area can result in the onset of Dupuytren's and Ledderhose Disease in other parts of the body. This has been reported by many patients (see for example the Dupuytren's Society web site) and although medical staff tend to dismiss these concerns, I most certainly had no sign of Dupuytren's Disease in any other finger on my left hand or Ledderhose Disease in my feet, prior to the Xiapex injection.

b) For Ledderhose?

My GP had even less knowledge of treatments for Ledderhose Disease than for Dupuytren's  Given my experience with Dupuytren's  I looked on the internet and found Gary’s Blog detailing his experiences as a fellow sufferer. Thanks entirely to Gary, I learned about Dr. Shaffer and radiotherapy treatment. I arranged to see Dr. Shaffer straight away as a private patient - this was within a few months of the first signs of the disease. I had radiotherapy a few weeks later. 

5) Are you currently satisfied with any of the treatments you have received for either 
condition? 

The radiotherapy treatment for Ledderhose Disease has been a complete success. I cannot thank Gary Manley and Dr. Shaffer enough for quite literally giving me my life back. In March 2012 I could only see a future full of pain, being confined to a wheelchair and having repeated surgery on both feet. Since having radiotherapy, the lumps have become pain free, smaller and two have disappeared altogether. (I recently spent four days sightseeing in London – up and down subway steps, walking round exhibitions, galleries, etc. from early morning until late evening accompanied by someone far younger and fitter than myself. I wore flat leather lace-up shoes but no special orthotic aids. I was completely pain free. The weather was unusually cold for the time of year and this could well have contributed to the lack of pain. Unlike some Ledderhose sufferers, my lumps like the cold, especially walking barefoot on tiled floors! The true test will come when I spend a week exploring Paris in the heat of the summer.) I feel that the success I have had with radiotherapy treatment for Ledderhose Disease is due entirely to the fact I was treated very early on – within months of the first lump appearing. Although the lumps then grew at a fairly alarming rate and became very painful, the radiotherapy treatment appears to have halted any progression of the disease. 

I only wish I had had been made aware that I could also have had radiotherapy for Dupuytren's contracture when it first appeared. (Neither my GP or the consultant I saw regarding Xiapex treatment gave me any information about radiotherapy). Even  now, having had very successful radiotherapy on my feet for Ledderhose Disease, the orthopaedic surgeon who carried out both the Xiapex treatment and dermofasciectomy, Mr. David Warwick, seems sceptical about radiotherapy and doesn't appear willing to give his hand clinic patients information about this method of treatment. I find this most odd because I would have thought that radiotherapy should be offered as soon as a cord or nodule becomes visible or a finger starts to contract. Radiotherapy is to me far less of a risk than NA, Xiapex or dermofasciectomy for Dupuytren's Disease, all of which could result in infection/tendon damage/numbness etc.

I think there could be more people suffering from Ledderhose and Dupuytrens Disease than GPs are aware of. In my own small village I have discovered three further patients. (They all thought it was something which happened in old age – arthritis or cysts – not worth bothering the GP with!)

6) Have you found any resources that have been helpful for with understanding and getting treatments for these conditions? 

The internet and in particular Gary’s blog have been the foundation of my learning about Ledderhose Disease. By following Gary’s leads and guidance I have met with Dr. Shaffer and subsequently Mr. Chris Bainbridge. These two consultants gave me a great deal of information about radiotherapy, Ledderhose Disease, Dupuytrens Disease and the Dupuytrens’ Society.

Patient forums give one an insight into what to expect from the various treatments available, although we are all individuals and have varying levels of pain tolerance and success rates.